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Information about Timeline of solar astronomy

   * 1613 - Galileo Galilei uses sunspot observations to demonstrate the
     rotation of the Sun
   * 1619 - Johannes Kepler postulates a solar wind to explain the direction
     of comet tails
   * 1802 - William Hyde Wollaston observes dark lines in the solar spectrum
   * 1814 - Joseph Fraunhofer systematically studies the dark lines in the
     solar spectrum
   * 1834 - Hermann Helmholtz proposes gravitational contraction as the
     energy source for the Sun
   * 1843 - Heinrich Schwabe announces his discovery of the sunspot cycle
     and estimates its period to be about ten years
   * 1852 - Edward Sabine shows that sunspot number is correlated with
     geomagnetic field variations
   * 1859 - Richard Carrington discovers solar flares
   * 1860 - Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen discover that each chemical
     element has its own distinct set of spectral lines and use this fact to
     explain the solar dark lines
   * 1861 - F.G.W. Sporer discovers the variation of sun-spot latitudes
     during a solar cycle
   * 1863 - Richard Carrington discovers the differential nature of solar
     rotation
   * 1868 - Pierre-Jules-Cesar Janssen and Norman Lockyer discover an
     unidentified yellow line in solar prominence spectra and suggest it
     comes from a new element which they name "helium"
   * 1893 - Edward Maunder discovers the 1645-1715 Maunder sunspot minimum
   * 1904 - Edward Maunder plots the first sunspot "butterfly diagram
   * 1906 - Karl Schwarzschild explains solar limb darkening
   * 1908 - George Hale discovers the Zeeman splitting of spectral lines
     from sunspots
   * 1942 - J.S. Hey detects solar radio waves
   * 1949 - Herbert Friedman detects solar X-rays
   * 1960 - Robert Leighton, Robert Noyes, and George Simon discover solar
     five-minute oscillations by observing the Doppler shifts of solar dark
     lines
   * 1961 - H. Babcock proposes the magnetic coiling sunspot theory
   * 1970 - Roger Ulrich, John Leibacher, and Robert Stein deduce from
     theoretical solar models that the interior of the Sun could act as a
     resonant acoustic cavity
   * 1975 - Franz-Ludwig Deubner makes the first accurate measurements of
     the period and horizontal wavelength of the five-minute solar
     oscillations

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